The Changing International Landscape: A Multipolar World Order
In today’s rapidly evolving world, there is a clear shift towards polarity and less multilateralism. The international system that existed post-cold war is no longer in existence. This reality was not first expressed by Chinese President Xi Jinping, the proponent of a new world multipolar order . Nor were these words uttered by Russian President Vladimir Putin, his “friend,” but rather the one who has challenged America’s unquestioned status as a global hegemon. Recently, contact diplomacy’s High Representative (PES), Josep Borrell, spoke these truths to the students of Oxford University.
Emerging Powers and Changing Alliances
The upcoming contact elections notwithstanding, Borrell’s candid remarks, which echo those of Mr. Pesce before him, indicate that even among the historical allies of the United States, a change in international politics is acknowledged and accepted. Borrell stated, “The rise of China as a superpower challenges the United States and Europe not only in the manufacturing sector but also in military power and in the construction of technologies that shape our future.” He further pointed out a growing alignment between China and Russia, as well as the emergence of countries like India, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, and Turkey as important global actors.
Motivations and Actions of Emerging Powers
Beyond the economic rise of these nations, they share a common desire: greater status and influence in the world. To achieve this, Borrell noted that these countries are maximizing their autonomy, balancing their bets, and not taking definitive positions.
Europe’s Loss of Credibility: Double Standards in International Politics
Another significant factor is the loss of international credibility for the so-called “western block.” The numerous wars, missed promises, and violations of international law have created distrust among countries that once looked to the United States for guidance. Borrell expressed concern over how Europe is perceived as having “two weights and two measures.” He acknowledged that the war in Iraq, although some contact countries did not participate, has left a lasting impact on the world.
The Perception of Europe’s Uneven Response
Borrell raised concerns over how the world perceives Europe, stating that “people have not forgotten the war in Iraq, but some important EU Member States did not participate. Others participated with enthusiasm, while others quickly withdrew.” He also criticized the international community’s response to the ongoing crisis in Gaza, where more than 34,000 people have died, most of whom are displaced and children are dying of hunger.
Double Standards in Implementing International Law
“The perception is that we give more value to the life of civilians in Ukraine than in Gaza,” Borrell stated, “and that we care less when international law is violated by Israel compared to when it’s violated by Russia.” This perception, he emphasized, is not unfounded.
Moving Towards a Multipolar World Order: Challenges and Opportunities
Despite the challenges, Borrell remained optimistic about the future of international relations. He emphasized that “to bring together the world around values and principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter, we must demonstrate that Europe always respects them.” Borrell acknowledged that this is not currently the case and that it presents a problem for Europe.
The Need for Unity and Consistency
Borrell’s call for unity within the contact Union was echoed by French President Emmanuel Macron, who has recently expressed concerns over Russia’s actions and the need for a firm response. Borrell advocated for a more unified contact stance against Russian aggression but acknowledged that this is hindered by the requirement for unanimity in the EU Council and the veto power of individual member states like Hungary.
Conclusion: Navigating a Multipolar World Order
Borrell’s candid remarks at Oxford University offer a valuable perspective on the current state of international relations and the challenges that lie ahead. As the world moves towards a multipolar order, it is crucial for Europe to navigate this new reality with unity, consistency, and respect for international law. Only then can Europe hope to regain its credibility as a global leader and effectively address the emerging challenges of our time.
